200 – 210  Roots of white hate – KKK I  (old book no)

Vincents text                                                                        Norsk oversættelse                                   Ny dansk bog

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Intermedium

Understanding...

The roots of white hate

In my vagabond years, I couldn’t understand or even see white hate, but saw and photographed its trail of destruction everywhere. For the same reason, my inner thinking was overwhelmingly negative toward hateful whites, such as the Ku Klux Klan, who thus never opened up to me. All I could see were their billboards, which were raised up high on steel bars since blacks burned them down all the time.

However, armed with the love I received from the students over 30 years of workshops—showing them the destruction their “innocent” racism caused, while they in turn opened their hearts to me, revealing the pain behind it—suddenly, after 9/11, it all started affecting my relationship to a group that had been invisible to me. They now came from all over and took me by the hand to show me their world of pain. Here are the stories of some of my new friends.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


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Understanding the roots of white hate 1 :

Can we love the Ku Klux Klan?




Love them? For 25 years, I’d been mouthing empty rhetoric in American universities about embracing the Klan—not always easy for black and Jewish students—but never giving a thought to putting the words into deeds, to “walk the talk.” As usual we need a helping hand to integrate with those we fear or despise, for how could I “embrace” without joining? Or, as I usually joke, “How I became a card-carrying member of the Klan?”

Here’s how, for a declared “antiracist,” the unthinkable happened. Danish TV wanted to make a movie about my work in America and got the crazy idea to put me face to face with Jeff Berry, America’s biggest and most hateful Klan leader. “Ok with me if I’m free. I’ve dealt with plenty of racist students, and I can’t image that a Klan leader can be any worse,” I said. But on the day we were to fly to Klan headquarters in Indiana, a lecture in Maine had been moved because of snow. So instead they set the camera up in New York and said, “Say something to the Klan leader that we can show him.” What do you say to a Klan leader when you’re surrounded by blacks and Jews in New York? I started telling him about all the poor white “children of pain” I’d picked up over the years, who’d told me about endless childhood beatings or sexual abuse, and how they’d grown up to join the Klan or similar groups. And how their stories of mistreatment seemed so similar to what I’d seen in many underclass blacks. To tease the Klan leader, I even had the audacity to compare angry ghetto blacks with the Klan, “and therefore feel the same compassion for you in the Klan as for my black friends.” When he saw the video, he was moved to tears, and he immediately sent me an open invitation. (His wife later told me that I’d hit, dead center, the deepest layers of pain from his childhood of abuse.)

Well, I usually had university lectures every day and no time to meet him. But the next year, my lecture agent, Muwwakkil, owed me so much money that I fired him (for a while), and he cancelled 41 lectures in revenge. I remember how relieved I was to have all this freedom to join real people instead of lecturing students about them. I called Muwwakkil, who is black, and teased, “Ok, then I’ll join the Klan to get you to pay up.”

 

 

 

 

 

In the meantime, Jeff Berry had been sentenced (at first) to 30 years in prison, so how could I take a meaningful vacation? Well, I moved in with his wife, Pamela, who was now functioning Klan leader. When I saw that her bed was as messy as the beds of other poor whites—membership cards all over it—I helped her clean up and for fun asked, “If I write myself on one of those cards, will I become a member of the Klan?” To my surprise she burst out enthusiastically, “Yes, please do. We’ve never had an antiracist as a member. It would mean so much to us.” And the next day, she proudly called her husband to tell him how they’d now recruited an antiracist. Again, I’d learned how easy it is to join or integrate with any group when you approach them with empathy and love rather than antagonism or hate. But could I change them now that I was no longer a passive observing photographer but a committed antiracist activist?

What I learned living with the Klan on and off over the next years belongs in another book. Here are just a few highlights. I conducted long video interviews with Pamela about the sexual abuse she’d suffered through as a child, and she related how Jeff had endured such terrible beatings in his “dysfunctional family” that he ran away from home as a child and lived since then on the street as a “hustler.” Jeff told me in prison how he’d been neglected and unloved by his mother, a heroin addict and prostitute. “But today she’s a fine lady after a black customer married her and saved her out of all that abuse. I love my stepfather for it.”

Pamela kept telling me there was no hate in Jeff— “he has lots of black friends … I just don’t like when he talks hateful about faggots in our rallies. I still feel deeply hurt over the loss of my best friend, a black woman, when I joined the Klan.”

Everyone in the Klan loved me and they started inviting Grand Dragons from other states to Sunday dinner with “our new antiracist member.” Interviewing them, I found the same pattern of deep abuse in childhood. A year after my dinner with Grand Dragon Jean and her official bodyguard, Dennis (Dennis was so proud to be bodyguard for his own wife), I came out to visit them in their poor house in Illinois. When she saw me, she came running out to embrace me. “Jacob, Jacob, I’m so glad to see you again. Dennis just died from a heart attack. I’m a free woman now.” She dragged me right into their bedroom and undressed completely for me. True, she’d taken a photo of me the year before proposing to Pamela—on my knees, red roses in hand, and dressed in a Klan suit—acting out my philosophy of “going to bed with the enemy,” but I was still shocked.

Luckily, she just wanted to show me how her breasts and genitals and entire body were now covered with tattoos. To her, that’s what it was to “be a free woman” now that Dennis had died. Why? I have long tapes of interviews with him about the vicious beatings he got as a child from a violent drunk stepfather covered with tattoos. And that tattooed arm beating him endlessly had been such a nightmare that he refused to let Jean get tattoos. “But you understand, Jacob, that you’re not a real Klan woman unless you proudly wear the Klan insignias on your most private parts,” Jean declared. She was the official seamstress of the Klan’s colorful robes and wanted to make me one “for only $80 because of our long friendship.” I called them “clown suits,” which always cracked them up since they knew very well that all the KKK is about today is clowning for the rest of us in these historical costumes in a desperate attempt to get a little attention. That they dressed in the borrowed feathers of hate I also felt when their two parrots kept me awake all night screaming, “White Power!” I didn’t hear them as screams of racism, but as two deeply oppressed birds who’d all their lives perched next to the answering machine and internalized its message, which I soon heard as “poor white trash power”—a cry for help from a deeply ostracized group of Americans who’ve never in any meaningful way felt part of the white-power structure from which other whites benefit. When I saw my naïve Klan friends duped into believing that Trump, a billionaire, would save them, I understood how abused and exploited they are.








I saw many examples of how they feel hurt and bewildered when we call them hateful. They kept warning me about going over to visit Wally, a Nazi who’d married the Klan leader’s daughter, Tania, “for the Nazis are full of hate” (unlike us). Again, I see this trend, how we humans need to see some people as worse than ourselves to keep morally aloof and justify our own perceived innocent racist thinking. Yet, after just one night of talking with Wally, I found the pain in his life. He told me he’d been happily married in New York, but one day saw his wife and daughter, caught in the crossfire between black street gangs, killed by stray bullets. He went berserk and joined the Nazis. A short time later, he saw the Klan leader and his daughter on the Jerry Springer show, fell in love with her, and drove all the way to Indiana to propose. Being married to Tania was how, my Klan friends said, “we got a scumbag Nazi into our proud Klan,” which made them feel deeply ashamed. Jeff told me in prison how infuriated he was that in his absence Wally and Tania had taken over the Klan’s radio station “so that all Americans now think we’re about hate, not justice and civil rights for whites.”

I took lots of pictures of Wally hailing Hitler with his new daughter, Kathrin, but didn’t worry about her being brainwashed into a vicious racist because I saw how spoiled she was by parental love. Wally was so afraid of losing his new daughter he refused to work, spending all his time with Kathrin. Day after day I saw him sit and read children’s books to her, and over the years I watched as she entered high school and became a warm healthy woman, unlike so many in the Klan, who were abused or had grown up unloved.

My long and ongoing friendship with the Klan gave me a good chance to test them, just as I’m sure they tested me. I tested them on their feelings about blacks, immigrants, Muslims, homosexuals, Jews, etc. Muslims: “Good God-fearing people” (well, that was before Trump popularized Islamophobia). Only homosexuals were vilified by some, like Jeff, but when I changed the question to “What would you say if your own child was gay?” they usually said, “Oh, then I’d love them like my other children”—an answer I didn’t get from most Republicans at the time. On some issues, like capital punishment, they were farther left than most Americans. The most anti-Semitic thing I heard was from Jean. One day she asked me whether I believed in the Holocaust. I sensed that she’d read some of the wild Holocaust denials on the Internet and gave her a long lecture. She was clearly relieved to hear my answer and since then they called me “the professor,” which said more about their own low education than about me, a high school dropout.

When I started lecturing in Denmark about how I saw less hate in the Klan than in the Danes and their attitudes toward immigrants, an angry black woman stood up and said, “Jacob, my mother took me to see American Pictures when I was 14, and you were my big hero then. I walked around with a t-shirt saying, “Bomb the Klan.” But now I must say you’re out of your mind.” To this woman, Rikke Marrot, now 34, I said, “I can hear you have some prejudice against the Klan, and as you know from my lecture, if you have prejudice against somebody, there’s only one thing you can do: heal your hate by moving in with them to see them as human beings. Why don’t you come with me to America and move in with the Klan? Then you can bomb them all you want. I love to take such pictures.” Rikke took sick leave from her modelling job to come with me. It was my chance to put both her and the Klan to a test. I knew what would happen; they ended up loving each other, and she later wrote a book about how she as a black didn’t find any hate in the Klan—at least not as much as in the Danes. I loved taking videos when she entertained the Klan by talking about how her “black family killed hundreds of whites.” Even though she said it was her Maasai tribe during the Mau Mau Uprising, the uneducated Klan understood it only in a black-and-white American context and sat in speechless admiration of the courageous black warrior who’d entered their lives. “I want to meet our new black member so I can impress the 5,000 blacks I’m surrounded by here in the prison,” Jeff Berry said. So we spent 11 hours driving to the prison only to find that they wouldn’t let Rikke in. Pam and Rikke stood hugging each other in tears of disappointment. When Rikke saw the deep love between Pam and Jeff, she decided to do something about it with me.

Here’s why it’s important to move in with those you have prejudice against. If I hadn’t lived with Pamela, I wouldn’t have overheard a phone conversation between her and a neighbor during which I suddenly realized Jeff was innocent of the crime he was in prison for. It was actually his own violent son, always in bar brawls, who’d threatened someone with a gun while arguing with some hostile journalists. Nothing would’ve happened if my friends in the Southern Poverty Law Center hadn’t eventually heard about it. They do an admirable job of keeping an eye on all the hate groups in America, a job I’d long supported. They charged Jeff’s son with “attempted kidnapping,” but Jeff couldn’t face the prospect of his son going to prison, so he confessed to the crime. And when you’re a Klan leader in America, you can easily be sentenced to up to 30 years in prison even though there were no witnesses, no one was injured, and Jeff had never been convicted of a violent crime.

When Rikke and I learned that he was in prison for love and not for hate, we, along with his black attorney, mounted an enormous defense for him. We ran to lawyers and justices and local papers, and I started writing defense pleas on the Internet, calling one “Romeo and Juliet in Klan Hoods.” The whole time I teased Rikke, “Hey, I thought you came to bomb the Klan, not to liberate their leader.”

Our combined efforts succeeded, and Jeff was freed. Deeply grateful for his “antiracist” savior, he took me around to meet all his poor local friends. Sadly, he’d lost his job and since on my prison visits I’d told him how I let black dealers I knew in the ghettos sell my book as an alternative to selling drugs, he said, “Jacob, can’t I sell your book too?” And this is how I got America’s biggest Klan leader to drive around selling my antiracist book. He laughed as much as I did at the irony, but why not, we asked, join up with the creatures God sends us to make a little money and have a little fun?

And when I saw how the Klan’s primitive website had been totally neglected during Jeff’s absence, I got his permission to be the Klan’s official webmaster and free hand to change it. To my surprise, I found hardly any hate I had to throw out (only toward pedophiles). I now understood the background for this, so I let them keep it because we all have a need to hate something when we’re in pain. As I said to my black and Jewish friends, “Now you have me as your guarantee that there will be nothing racist or anti-Semitic on the Klan’s website. You only get such power over the Klan by empowering them with love and affection. If you attack them with hate and prejudice, they’ll only make themselves worse to live up to the role of the ‘bad guys’—the negative attention they always sought in their deep self-hate.”


















It seemed like I could do nothing wrong now, and the Klan started organizing wild parties for me whenever I came by on the lecture circuit—usually bringing highly educated antiracist activists with me to help them out of their blind hate for the KKK. It wasn’t difficult when we were sometimes greeted by the Klan leader with, “Oh, damn Jacob, why’d you come so late? You would’ve loved the wild party we had last night. We had so many of your black and Mexican friends partying with us, even some of the local Amish people came...”

Finally, thanks to our long friendship, I wanted to put Jeff to the ultimate test by taking him around America to meet all my old black friends mentioned in this book. I knew how he’d react, but I invited a Danish TV reporter with me as a witness and to help get Danish school kids out of their endless “worshipping the devil” education and start taking responsibility for the racism in themselves rather than seeing the beam in their brother’s eye. There was just one problem I hadn’t foreseen. In private I’d never found any deep racism in Jeff, but he, like all Klansmen, knew full well that if they were themselves no one would go on cultivating them as “the evil people”—the only role in which they could get a little attention and world fame. So whenever the camera-man put his lens on Jeff, Jeff started in on all his ridiculous Klan rhetoric. This blew me away. He’d never talked like this in private or among his Klan friends. And what shocked me even more was that he now forced me into the opposite role, playing the great antiracist (also so as not to lose face for the TV viewers). We both ended up hating the media for always selling hate and division and for almost destroying our friendship. In private Jeff loved meeting my black friends, such as Mary, [page 130] whose house was firebombed by racists, and Virginia Pate [page 44], the elderly widow I’d stayed with in the swamps. And the respect was mutual. When we came to Virginia Honore, [page 37] whom I’d known since she was 16 and we’d flirted with each other, and who’d married a prison guard in Angola, Jeff had been driving so much that he’d fallen asleep and was napping in the car. So while we were sitting on the front porch chatting, I suddenly said to Virginia, “I’ve always known you as a caring Christian who can forgive anybody. But what if I one day brought a Ku Klux Klan leader?” She said, “You know I’ll love him as much as God’s other children. It’s never mattered what friends you’ve brought with you to my shack over the years—multimillionaires, like Anita Roddick, or the poorest drifters to give them a shower.” I said, “Well, I actually have America’s biggest, most hated Klan leader with me this time.” I got off the porch and woke Jeff up. Without batting an eyelash, Virginia went into the house to get him something to eat and drink. It was an unforgettable evening with laughter and long discussions, during which, to my surprise, they agreed on almost everything (from a moral standpoint), such as their opposition to mixed marriages. “Jenny,” Virginia called, “come out here and hear it from a Klansman himself that it’s wrong for you to date your white boyfriend. It’ll hurt the children to grow up mulatto.” And certainly they both believed nothing good could come out of prison or capital punishment. Virginia was married to Howard, a guard in Angola Prison. They’d once adopted a 16-year-old boy to keep him away from crime, but he committed a vicious murder, and now it was Howard’s job to lead his adopted son to his execution. (Howard acted as a stand-in in the movie Dead Man Walking.)

Jeff received a loving and forgiving reception among all my black friends—even when I brought him to the congregation of my ex-father-in-law’s old shack-church in Philadelphia, MS, the town famous for the Ku Klux Klan’s killing of three civil rights workers, dramatized in the film Mississippi Burning. I’ve always believed in and practiced bringing people together as the best way of helping them out of their prisons of fear and demonization. Certainly, it made a deep and lasting impression on a Klan leader to meet all this forgiveness from blacks, just Jeff and I had affected each other through our long friendship. Still, I hadn’t expected it to be that easy to help a leader out of the Klan (that had never been the purpose of my involvement), yet shortly after the trip, Jeff dissolved his entire Klan group. He’d been in the KKK his whole life. It had been his whole identity and only claim to world fame, but it made no sense for him anymore. What happened next shocked me. Some of the members, including his own son, whom he’d saved from prison, got so furious they tried to kill Jeff. He was so badly beaten he was in coma for two months and his doctors doubted he would live. When he woke up, he was blind and handicapped for life. But when I came to see him and Pamela, they were so happy that they gave me their own bed. Now he was preaching love in a church rather than hate in the woods. I saw no difference from the old Jeff to the new. It just made more sense now for him to search for the attention he craved so much by using light instead of darkness—the holy cross rather than the burning cross. The deep love inside him had, ever since the abuse he’d suffered in childhood, been so crippled and imprisoned that we, looking in from outside, had mistaken it for hate.


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Intermedium

Om at forstå….


Rødderne til det hvide had

 

I mine vagabondår kunne jeg ikke forstå eller endog se det hvide had, men jeg så og fotograferede dets spor af ødelæggelse overalt. Af samme grund var min indre tænkning overvejende negativ over for hadefulde hvide, såsom Ku Klux Klan, som derfor aldrig åbnede sig for mig. Det eneste, jeg kunne se, var deres skilte, som var hævet højt op på stålstænger, da de sorte brændte dem ned hele tiden.


Men bevæbnet med den kærlighed, jeg modtog fra mine elever gennem 30 års workshops – hvor jeg viste dem ødelæggelsen, som deres egen “uskyldige” racisme forårsagede, mens de til gengæld åbnede deres hjerter for mig og afslørede smerten, der lå bag den - begyndte det hele pludselig efter 9/11 at påvirke mit forhold til en gruppe, som tidligere havde været usynlig for mig. De myldrede nu frem fra alle afkroge og tog mig i hånden for at vise mig deres verden af smerte.
Her er historierne om nogle af mine nye venner.


 

 

 

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Om at forstå rødderne til det hvide had 1 :

Kan vi elske Ku Klux Klan?

 




Elske dem? I 25 år havde jeg på de amerikanske universiteter talt tom retorik om at omfavne Klanen - ikke altid let for sorte og jødiske studerende - men aldrig tænkt på at omsætte ordene til handling, at "walk the talk". Som sædvanlig har vi brug for en hjælpende hånd til at integrere os med dem, vi frygter eller foragter, for hvordan kunne jeg "omfavne" uden at slutte mig til dem? Eller, som jeg plejer at spøge, "hvordan jeg blev medlem af Klanen?"

 

Her er, hvordan det utænkelige skete for en erklæret "antiracist". Dansk TV ville lave en film om mit arbejde i Amerika og fik den skøre idé at sætte mig ansigt til ansigt med Jeff Berry, USA's største og mest hadefulde Klan-leder. "Ok med mig, hvis jeg er fri. Jeg har haft med masser af racistiske studerende at gøre, og jeg kan ikke forestille mig, at en Klanleder kan være værre," sagde jeg. Men den dag, vi skulle flyve til klanens hovedkvarter i Indiana, var et foredrag i Maine blevet flyttet på grund af snestorm. Så i stedet satte de kameraet op i New York og sagde: "Sig noget til klanlederen, som vi kan vise ham". Hvad siger man til en Klan-leder, når man er omgivet af sorte og jøder i New York? Jeg begyndte at fortælle ham om alle de fattige hvide "smertens børn", som jeg havde samlet op i årenes løb, og som havde fortalt mig om endeløse prygl i barndommen eller seksuelt misbrug, og hvordan de var vokset op og havde sluttet sig til Klanen eller lignende grupper. Og hvordan deres historier om mishandling virkede så ens med det, jeg havde set hos mange sorte fra underklassen. For at drille Klan-lederen havde jeg endda den frækhed at sammenligne vrede sorte fra ghettoen med Klanen, "og derfor føler jeg den samme medfølelse med jer i Klanen som med mine sorte venner". Da han så videoen, blev han rørt til tårer, og han sendte mig straks en åben invitation. (Hans kone fortalte mig senere, at jeg havde ramt lige ned i de dybeste lag af smerte fra hans misbrugte barndom).

 

Nå, men jeg havde normalt foredrag hver dag og havde ikke tid til at mødes med ham. Men det følgende år skyldte min foredragsagent, Muwwakkil, mig så mange penge, at jeg fyrede ham (for en tid), og han aflyste 41 foredrag som hævn. Jeg husker, hvor lettet jeg var over at have al denne frihed til at gå ud og være sammen med rigtige mennesker i stedet for at holde foredrag om dem for de studerende. Jeg ringede til Muwwakkil, som er sort, og drillede: "Ok, så melder jeg mig ind i Klanen for at få dig til at betale."

 

I mellemtiden var Jeff Berry blevet dømt (i første omgang) til 30 års fængsel, så hvordan skulle jeg kunne tage en meningsfuld ferie hos klanlederen som inviterede mig? Ok, så flyttede jeg bare ind hos hans kone, Pamela, som nu var fungerende Klan-leder. Da jeg så, at hendes seng var lige så rodet som i andre fattige hvide hjem - medlemskort spredt ud over det hele - hjalp jeg hende med at rydde op og spurgte for sjov: "Hvis jeg skriver mig selv på et af disse kort, bliver jeg så medlem af Klanen?" Til min overraskelse udbrød hun begejstret: "Ja, vil du ikke nok? Vi har aldrig haft en antiracist som medlem. Det vil betyde så meget for os." Og næste dag ringede hun stolt til sin mand for at fortælle ham, at de nu havde rekrutteret en antiracist. Igen havde jeg lært, hvor let det er at tilslutte sig eller integrere sig med en hvilken som helst gruppe, når man nærmer sig dem med empati og kærlighed i stedet for med fjendskab eller had. Men kunne jeg også ændre dem nu, hvor jeg ikke længere var en passivt observerende fotograf, men en engageret antiracistisk aktivist?

 

Det, jeg lærte ved at leve med Klanen i de næste år, hører hjemme i en anden bog. Her er blot et par højdepunkter. Jeg optog lange videointerviews med Pamela om det seksuelle misbrug, hun havde været udsat for som barn, og hun fortalte, hvordan Jeff havde udstået så forfærdelige tæsk i sin "dysfunktionelle familie", at han som barn stak af hjemmefra og siden levede på gaden som "hustler". Jeff fortalte mig i fængslet, hvordan han var blevet forsømt og uelsket af sin mor, der var heroinmisbruger og prostitueret. "Men i dag er hun en fin dame, efter at en sort kunde giftede sig med hende og reddede hende ud af alt det misbrug. Jeg elsker min stedfar for det."

 

Pamela blev ved med at fortælle mig, at der ikke var noget had i Jeff - "han har masser af sorte venner ... Jeg kan bare ikke lide, når han taler hadefuldt om bøsser på vores møder. Jeg føler mig stadig dybt såret over tabet af min bedste veninde, en sort kvinde, da jeg meldte mig ind i Klanen."

Alle i Klanen elskede mig, og de begyndte at invitere Grand Dragons fra andre stater til søndagsmiddag med "vores nye antiracistiske medlem". Da jeg interviewede dem, fandt jeg det samme mønster af dybt misbrug i barndommen. Et år efter min middag med Grand Dragon Jean og hendes officielle bodyguard, Dennis (Dennis var så stolt over at være bodyguard for sin egen kone), kom jeg ud for at besøge dem i deres fattige hjem i Illinois. Da hun så mig, kom hun løbende ud for at omfavne mig. "Jacob, Jacob, jeg er så glad for at se dig igen. Dennis er lige død af et hjerteanfald. Jeg er en fri kvinde nu." Derpå trak hun mig direkte ind i deres soveværelse og klædte sig helt af for mig. Nuvel, hun tog ganske vist et billede af mig året før, da jeg friede til Pamela - på knæ, med røde roser i hånden og klædt i et Klan-kostume - hvor jeg udførte min filosofi om at "gå i seng med fjenden", men jeg havde dog grænser.

Heldigvis ville hun bare vise mig, hvordan hendes bryster og kønsorganer og hele hendes krop nu var dækket af tatoveringer. For hende var dette "være en fri kvinde" nu, hvor Dennis var død. Hvorfor? Jeg har lange bånd med interviews med ham om de brutale tæsk, han fik som barn af en voldelig fuld stedfar, der var dækket af tatoveringer. Og den tatoverede arm, der slog ham i en uendelighed, var blevet sådan et mareridt, at han nægtede at lade Jean få tatoveringer. "Men du forstår godt, Jacob, at man ikke er en rigtig Klan-kvinde, hvis man ikke stolt bærer Klan-insignierne på sine mest private dele," erklærede Jean. Hun var den officielle syerske af Klanens farverige kutter og ville lave en til mig "for kun 80 dollars på grund af vores lange venskab". Jeg kaldte dem "klovnekostumer", hvilket altid fik dem til at grine, da de udmærket vidste, at det eneste, KKK handler om i dag, er at klovne for os andre i disse historiske kostumer i et desperat forsøg på at få lidt opmærksomhed. At de klædte sig i hadets lånte fjer, følte jeg også, da deres to papegøjer holdt mig vågen hele natten og skreg "White Power!" Jeg hørte dem ikke som racistiske skrig, men som to dybt undertrykte fugle, der hele deres liv havde siddet ved siden af telefonsvareren og internaliseret dens budskab, som jeg snart hørte som "poor white trash power" - et råb om hjælp fra en dybt udstødt gruppe af amerikanere, der aldrig på nogen meningsfuld måde har følt sig som en del af den hvide magtstruktur, som andre hvide nyder godt af. Da jeg siden så mine naive Klan-venner blive narret til at tro, at Trump, en milliardær, ville redde dem, forstod jeg, hvor misbrugt og udnyttede de er.




Jeg så mange eksempler på, hvordan de føler sig sårede og forvirrede, når vi kalder dem hadefulde. De blev ved med at advare mig mod at besøge Wally, en nazist, der havde giftet sig med Klanlederens datter, Tania, "for nazisterne er fulde af had" (i modsætning til os). Igen så jeg tendensen til at vi mennesker har behov for at se nogle mennesker som værre end os selv for at holde os moralsk oppe og retfærdiggøre vores egen ”mere uskyldige” racistiske tænkning. Alligevel fandt jeg efter blot én aften med Wally smerten i hans liv. Han fortalte mig, at han havde været lykkeligt gift i New York, men at han en dag så sin kone og datter fanget i krydsild mellem sorte gadebander og blive dræbt af vildfarne kugler. Han gik derpå helt fra forstanden og meldte sig ind i nazisterne. Kort tid efter så han Klan-lederen og hans datter i Jerry Springers tv-show, forelskede sig i hende og kørte hele vejen ud til Indiana for at fri. Ved at blive gift med Tania var det, som mine Klan-venner sagde, "at vi fik nazistisk afskum ind i vores stolte Klan", hvilket fik dem til at føle sig dybt skamfulde. Jeff fortalte mig i fængslet, hvor rasende han var over, at Wally og Tania i hans fravær havde overtaget Klanens radiostation, "så alle amerikanere nu tror, at vi handler om had og ikke om retfærdighed og borgerrettigheder for hvide".

Jeg tog masser af billeder af Wally heilende til Hitler med hans nye datter, Kathrin, men jeg var ikke bange for at hun skulle blive hjernevasket til en ondskabsfuld racist, da jeg så den overstrømmende forældrekærlighed hun var genstand for. Wally var så bange for at miste sin nye datter, at han nægtede at arbejde og brugte al sin tid med Kathrin. Dag efter dag så jeg ham sidde og læse børnebøger for hende, og i årenes løb så jeg, hvordan hun kom i gymnasiet og blev en udadvendt og sund kvinde, i modsætning til så mange i Klanen, som var blevet misbrugt eller var vokset op uden kærlighed.

 

Mit lange og vedvarende venskab med Klanen gav mig en god mulighed for at teste dem, ligesom jeg er sikker på, at de testede mig. Jeg testede dem på deres dybere følelser over for sorte, indvandrere, muslimer, homoseksuelle, jøder osv. Muslimer: "Gode gudfrygtige mennesker" (ja, det var før Trump populariserede islamofobien). Kun homoseksuelle blev nedgjort af enkelte som Jeff, men når jeg ændrede spørgsmålet til "Hvad ville du sige, hvis dit eget barn var homoseksuel?", sagde de som regel: "Åh, så ville jeg elske dem ligesom mine andre børn" - et svar, jeg ikke fik fra de fleste republikanere på det tidspunkt. På nogle områder, som f.eks. dødsstraf, var de længere til venstre end de fleste amerikanere. Det mest antisemitiske, jeg hørte, var fra Jean. En dag spurgte hun mig, om jeg troede på Holocaust. Jeg fornemmede, at hun havde læst nogle af de vilde Holocaust-benægtelser på internettet, og gav hende et langt foredrag. Hun var tydeligvis lettet over at høre mit svar, og siden da kaldte de mig "professoren", hvilket sagde mere om deres egen lave uddannelse end om mig, der var droppet ud af gymnasiet.

 

Da jeg begyndte at holde foredrag i Danmark om, at jeg så mindre had i Klanen end i danskerne med deres holdning til indvandrere, rejste en vred sort kvinde sig op og sagde: "Jacob, min mor tog mig med at se Amerikanske Billeder, da jeg var 14 år, og du var min store helt dengang. Jeg gik rundt med en t-shirt, hvor der stod "Bomb the Klan". Men nu må jeg sige, at du er gået fra forstanden." Til denne kvinde, Rikke Marott, som nu var 34 år, sagde jeg: "Jeg kan høre, at du har nogle fordomme mod Klanen, og som du ved fra mit foredrag, er der kun én ting, du kan gøre, hvis du har fordomme mod nogen: bearbejde dit had ved at flytte ind hos dem og se dem som mennesker. Hvorfor tager du ikke med mig til Amerika og flytter ind hos Klanen? Så kan du bombe dem, så meget du vil. Jeg elsker at tage sådanne billeder." Rikke tog derpå sygeorlov fra sit modeljob for at komme med mig. Det var min chance for at sætte både hende og Klanen på en prøve. Jeg vidste, hvad der ville ske; de endte med at elske hinanden, og hun skrev senere en bog om, at hun som sort ikke fandt noget had i Klanen - i hvert fald ikke så meget som i danskerne. Jeg elskede at tage videoer, når hun underholdt Klanen ved at fortælle om, hvordan hendes "sorte familie dræbte hundredvis af hvide". Selv om hun sagde, at det var hendes Maasai-stamme under Mau Mau-opstanden, forstod den uuddannede Klan det kun i en sort-hvid amerikansk kontekst og sad i målløs beundring over den modige sorte kriger, der var trådt ind i deres liv. "Jeg vil gerne møde vores nye sorte medlem, så jeg kan imponere de 5.000 sorte, som jeg er omgivet af her i fængslet," sagde Jeff Berry. Så vi brugte 11 timer på at køre til fængslet, kun for at finde ud af, at de ikke ville lukke Rikke ind. Pam og Rikke stod og krammede hinanden i tårer af skuffelse. Da Rikke så den dybe kærlighed mellem Pam og Jeff, besluttede hun sig for at gøre noget ved det sammen med mig.

 

Her er grunden til, at det er vigtigt at flytte ind hos dem, man har fordomme imod. Hvis jeg ikke havde boet sammen med Pamela, ville jeg ikke have overhørt en telefonsamtale mellem hende og en nabo, hvor det pludselig gik op for mig, at Jeff var uskyldig i den forbrydelse, han sad i fængsel for. Det var faktisk hans egen voldelige søn, der altid var i barslagsmål, som under et skænderi med nogle fjendtlige journalister havde truet dem med et gevær. Der ville ikke være sket mere, hvis ikke mine venner i Southern Poverty Law Center havde hørt om det til sidst. De gør et beundringsværdigt arbejde med at holde øje med alle hadegrupper i Amerika, et arbejde, som jeg længe har støttet. De anklagede nu Jeffs søn for "forsøg på kidnapning", men Jeff kunne ikke se frem til, at hans søn skulle i fængsel, så han tilstod forbrydelsen. Og når man er Klanleder i Amerika, kan man let blive idømt op til 30 års fængsel, selv om der ikke var nogen vidner, ingen kom til skade, og Jeff aldrig før var blevet dømt for en voldsforbrydelse.

 

Da Rikke og jeg fandt ud af, at Jeff sad i fængsel af kærlighed og ikke for had, satte vi sammen med hans sorte advokat et kæmpeforsvar op for ham. Vi løb til advokater og dommere og lokale aviser, og jeg begyndte at skrive forsvar på internettet og kaldte en af dem "Romeo og Julie i Klan-hætter". Hele tiden drillede jeg Rikke: "Hey, jeg troede, du kom for at bombe Klanen, ikke for at befri deres leder."

Vores fælles indsats lykkedes, og Jeff blev befriet. Han var dybt taknemmelig for sin "antiracistiske" frelser og tog mig med rundt for at møde alle sine fattige lokale venner. Desværre havde han nu mistet sit job, og da jeg under mine besøg i fængslet havde fortalt ham, hvordan jeg lod sorte gangstervenner i ghettoerne, sælge min bog som et alternativ til at sælge stoffer, sagde han: "Jacob, kan jeg ikke også sælge din bog?" Og sådan fik jeg Amerikas største Klan-leder til at køre rundt og sælge min antiracistiske bog. Han grinede lige så meget som jeg over ironien, men hvorfor ikke, spurgte vi, slå os sammen med de skabninger, Vorherre sender os, for at tjene lidt penge og have det lidt sjovt med hinanden?

 

Og da jeg så, hvordan Klans primitive hjemmeside var blevet totalt forsømt under Jeffs fravær, fik jeg hans tilladelse til at være Klanens officielle webmaster med frie hænder til at ændre den. Til min overraskelse fandt jeg næsten intet had, som jeg måtte smide ud (kun over for pædofile). Dette had forstod jeg nu baggrunden for, så jeg lod dem beholde det, for vi har jo alle et behov for at hade noget, når vi har det skidt. Som jeg sagde til mine sorte og jødiske venner: "Nu har I mig som jeres garanti for, at der ikke kommer noget racistisk eller antisemitisk på Klanens hjemmeside. En sådan magt over Klanen får I kun ved at give dem magt (empowerment) med kærlighed og hengivenhed. Hvis I angriber dem med had og fordomme, vil de kun gøre sig selv værre for at leve op til rollen som 'de onde' - den negative opmærksomhed, som de altid har søgt i deres dybe selvhad."

 

Det virkede som om jeg ikke kunne gøre noget forkert nu, og Klanen begyndte at arrangere vilde fester for mig, hver gang jeg kom forbi på foredragsturneerne. Som regel tog jeg højtuddannede antiracistiske aktivister med mig for at hjælpe dem ud af deres blinde had til KKK. Det var ikke svært, når vi uanmeldt blev mødt af Klan-lederen med: "For pokker Jacob, hvorfor kom du for sent? Du ville have elsket den vilde fest, vi havde i går aftes. Vi havde så mange af dine sorte og mexicanske venner, der festede med os, selv nogle af de lokale amishfolk kom ..."

Til sidst ville jeg, takket være vores lange venskab, sætte Jeff på den ultimative prøve ved at tage ham med rundt i Amerika for at møde alle mine gamle sorte venner, der er nævnt i bogen. Jeg vidste, hvordan han ville reagere, men jeg inviterede en dansk tv-reporter med som vidne og for at hjælpe danske skolebørn ud af deres evindelige "dyrkelse af djævelen"-opdragelse og begynde at tage ansvar for racismen i sig selv frem for at se bjælken i deres brors øje. Der var bare ét problem, som jeg ikke havde forudset. Privat havde jeg aldrig fundet nogen dyb racisme hos Jeff, men han vidste som alle klansmænd udmærket godt, at hvis de var sig selv, ville ingen blive ved med at dyrke dem som "de onde" - den eneste rolle, hvori de kunne få lidt opmærksomhed og verdensberømmelse. Så hver gang kameramanden satte sin linse på Jeff, begyndte Jeff med al sine latterlige Klan-floskler. Det her blæste mig omkuld. Han havde aldrig talt sådan privat eller blandt sine Klan-venner. Og hvad der chokerede mig endnu mere var, at han nu tvang mig ind i den modsatte rolle, hvor jeg spillede den store antiracist (ligeså for ikke at tabe ansigt over for tv-seerne). Vi endte begge med at hade medierne for altid at sælge had og splittelse og for næsten at ødelægge vores venskab. Privat elskede Jeff at møde mine sorte venner, såsom Mary [side 130], hvis hus var blevet brandbombet af racister, og Virginia Pate [side 44], den ældre enke, som jeg havde boet hos i sumpen. Og respekten var gensidig. Da vi kom til Virginia Honore, [side 37] som jeg havde kendt og flirtet med siden hun var 16 år, og som nu var gift med en fængselsbetjent i Angola, havde Jeff kørt så meget bil, at han lå og sov i bilen. Så mens vi sad på verandaen og snakkede, sagde jeg pludselig til Virginia: "Jeg har altid kendt dig som en omsorgsfuld kristen, der kan tilgive alle. Men hvad nu, hvis jeg en dag bragte en Ku Klux Klan-leder med mig?" Hun svarede: "Du ved, at jeg vil elske ham lige så meget som Guds andre børn. Det har aldrig spillet nogen rolle, hvilke venner du har taget med dig til min hytte i årenes løb - multimillionærer som Anita Roddick eller de fattigste vagabonder for at give dem et bad." Jeg sagde: "Nå, men jeg har faktisk Amerikas største og mest forhadte Klan-leder med mig denne gang." Jeg gik ned fra verandaen og vækkede Jeff. Uden at blinke med øjnene gik Virginia ind i huset for at hente noget at spise og drikke til ham. Det blev en uforglemmelig aften med latter og lange diskussioner, hvor de til min overraskelse var enige om næsten alt (fra et moralsk synspunkt), f.eks. deres modstand mod blandede ægteskaber. "Jenny," kaldte Virginia, "kom herud og hør det fra en Klansmand selv, at det er forkert af dig at gå ud med din hvide kæreste. Det vil skade børnene at vokse op som mulat." Og de mente bestemt begge, at der ikke kunne komme noget godt ud af fængsel eller dødsstraf. Virginia var gift med fangevogteren Howard fra Angola-fængslet. De havde engang adopteret en 16-årig dreng for at holde ham væk fra kriminalitet, men han begik et brutalt mord, og nu var det Howards opgave at føre sin egen adoptivsøn til henrettelsen. (Howard var stand-in i filmen Dead Man Walking.)

 

Jeff fik en kærlig og tilgivende modtagelse blandt alle mine sorte venner - selv da jeg bragte ham med til menigheden i min eks-svigerfars gamle shack-kirke i Philadelphia, MS, byen, der er berømt for Ku Klux Klans mord på tre borgerrettighedsarbejdere, som dramatiseres i filmen Mississippi Burning. Jeg har altid troet på og praktiseret at bringe folk sammen som den bedste måde at hjælpe dem ud af deres fængsler af frygt og dæmonisering. Det gjorde da også helt sikkert et dybt og varigt indtryk på en Klan-leder at møde al denne tilgivelse fra sorte, ligesom Jeff og jeg havde påvirket hinanden gennem vores lange venskab. Alligevel havde jeg ikke forventet, at det ville være så let at hjælpe en leder ud af Klanen (det havde aldrig været formålet med mit engagement), men kort efter rejsen opløste Jeff alligevel hele sin Klan-gruppe. Han havde været med i KKK hele sit liv. Det havde været hele hans identitet og eneste krav på verdensberømmelse, men det gav ingen mening for ham længere. Det næste, der skete, chokerede mig. Nogle af medlemmerne, herunder hans egen søn, som han havde reddet fra fængslet, blev så rasende, at de forsøgte at slå Jeff ihjel. Han blev gennempryglet så hårdt, at han lå i koma i to måneder, og hans læger tvivlede på, at han ville overleve. Da han vågnede op, var han blind og handicappet for livet. Men da jeg besøgte ham og Pamela, blev de så glade for ”gensynet”, at de gav mig deres egen seng. Nu prædikede han kærlighed i en kirke i stedet for had i skoven. Jeg så ingen forskel fra den gamle Jeff til den nye. Det gav bare mere mening nu, at han søgte den opmærksomhed, han længtes så meget efter, ved at bruge lys i stedet for mørke - det hellige kors i stedet for det brændende kors. Den dybe kærlighed inden i ham havde lige siden mishandlingen, han var udsat for i barndommen, været så forkrøblet og indespærret, at vi, der så ind udefra, havde forvekslet den med had.

 

 

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